Fix UnboundLocalError in _border for invalid tuple lengths and document rgba() color format

The _border helper in ImageOps raised UnboundLocalError when given a tuple
with a length other than 2 or 4 (e.g. 1-tuple or 3-tuple). This changes
it to raise a clear ValueError instead.

Also adds documentation for the rgba() color format in ImageColor, which
was supported in code and tested but missing from the docs.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

Author: veeceey

Tests/test_imageops.py

@@ -256,6 +256,13 @@ def test_expand_palette(border: int | tuple[int, int, int, int]) -> None:
         assert_image_equal(im_cropped, im)
 
 
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("border", ((1,), (1, 2, 3), (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)))
+def test_expand_invalid_border(border: tuple[int, ...]) -> None:
+    with Image.open("Tests/images/hopper.ppm") as im:
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+            ImageOps.expand(im, border)
+
+
 def test_colorize_2color() -> None:
     # Test the colorizing function with 2-color functionality
 

docs/reference/ImageColor.rst

@@ -27,6 +27,10 @@ The ImageColor module supports the following string formats:
   as three percentages (0% to 100%). For example, ``rgb(255,0,0)`` and
   ``rgb(100%,0%,0%)`` both specify pure red.
 
+* RGBA functions, given as ``rgba(red, green, blue, alpha)`` where the color
+  values and the alpha value are integers in the range 0 to 255. For example,
+  ``rgba(255,0,0,128)`` specifies pure red with 50% opacity.
+
 * Hue-Saturation-Lightness (HSL) functions, given as ``hsl(hue, saturation%,
   lightness%)`` where hue is the color given as an angle between 0 and 360
   (red=0, green=120, blue=240), saturation is a value between 0% and 100%

src/PIL/ImageOps.py

@@ -36,6 +36,9 @@ def _border(border: int | tuple[int, ...]) -> tuple[int, int, int, int]:
             left, top = right, bottom = border
         elif len(border) == 4:
             left, top, right, bottom = border
+        else:
+            msg = "border must be an integer or a 2- or 4-tuple"
+            raise ValueError(msg)
     else:
         left = top = right = bottom = border
     return left, top, right, bottom