Use Foo.bar, not Foo::bar, for class methods

There were ~14 instances of `ClassName::class_method_name` in the _src,
but ~602 instances of `ClassName.class_method_name`.
Though using double colons is syntatically valid, it is less used in the
community compared to just using a period.

This PR just switches all the instances I found to use periods,
for consistency throughout the site.

Author: Gavin Kistner

2.4.md

@@ -347,7 +347,7 @@ When string is created for usage as a mutable buffer for some large textual data
 
 * **Reason:** Ruby's mutable strings, when used for sequential building of some large text, cause constant reallocations of bigger and bigger memory buffer. By specifying expected capacity beforehand, one can avoid this reallocations.
 * **Discussion:** <a class="tracker feature" href="https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/12024">Feature #12024</a>
-* **Documentation:** <a class="ruby-doc" href="https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.4.0/String.html#method-c-new"><code>String::new</code></a>
+* **Documentation:** <a class="ruby-doc" href="https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.4.0/String.html#method-c-new"><code>String.new</code></a>
 * **Code:**
   ```ruby
   s = String.new(capacity: 10_000_000)
@@ -628,7 +628,7 @@ In all contexts where input is split into lines, or received line-by-line, new o
 * **Discussion:** <a class="tracker feature" href="https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/12553">Feature #12553</a>
 * **Documentation** (feature introduced in 2.4, but comprehensive docs were written in 2.5-2.6):
   * <a class="ruby-doc" href="https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.5.0/String.html#method-i-each_line"><code>String#each_line</code></a>, <a class="ruby-doc" href="https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.6/String.html#method-i-lines"><code>String#lines</code></a>,
-  * <a class="ruby-doc" href="https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.5.0/IO.html#method-i-gets"><code>IO#gets</code></a>, <a class="ruby-doc" href="https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.5.0/IO.html#method-i-readline"><code>IO#readline</code></a>, <a class="ruby-doc" href="https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.5.0/IO.html#method-i-readline"><code>IO#readlines</code></a>, <a class="ruby-doc" href="https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.5.0/IO.html#method-c-foreach"><code>IO::foreach</code></a>, <a class="ruby-doc" href="https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.5.0/IO.html#method-c-readlines"><code>IO::readlines</code></a>,
+  * <a class="ruby-doc" href="https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.5.0/IO.html#method-i-gets"><code>IO#gets</code></a>, <a class="ruby-doc" href="https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.5.0/IO.html#method-i-readline"><code>IO#readline</code></a>, <a class="ruby-doc" href="https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.5.0/IO.html#method-i-readline"><code>IO#readlines</code></a>, <a class="ruby-doc" href="https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.5.0/IO.html#method-c-foreach"><code>IO.foreach</code></a>, <a class="ruby-doc" href="https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.5.0/IO.html#method-c-readlines"><code>IO.readlines</code></a>,
   * _Standard library: methods of the class affected, but no documentation for the change:_ <a class="ruby-doc" href="https://ruby-doc.org/stdlib-2.4.0/libdoc/stringio/rdoc/StringIO.html#method-i-gets"><code>StringIO#gets</code></a>, <a class="ruby-doc" href="https://ruby-doc.org/stdlib-2.4.0/libdoc/stringio/rdoc/StringIO.html#method-i-each_line"><code>StringIO#each_line</code></a>, <a class="ruby-doc" href="https://ruby-doc.org/stdlib-2.4.0/libdoc/stringio/rdoc/StringIO.html#method-i-readlines"><code>StringIO#readlines</code></a>
 * **Code:**
   ```ruby
@@ -727,9 +727,9 @@ Returns an actual name of the method being called, even if aliased.
 ## Stdlib[](#stdlib)
 
 * `Set`: <a class="ruby-doc" href="https://ruby-doc.org/stdlib-2.4.0/libdoc/set/rdoc/Set.html#method-i-compare_by_identity"><code>#compare_by_identity</code></a> and <a class="ruby-doc" href="https://ruby-doc.org/stdlib-2.4.0/libdoc/set/rdoc/Set.html#method-i-compare_by_identity-3F"><code>#compare_by_identity?</code></a> methods added, behaving the same way as (existing since 1.9) <a class="ruby-doc" href="https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.4.0/Hash.html#method-i-compare_by_identity"><code>Hash#compare_by_identity</code></a>: only elements being the same object (same `#object_id`) are considered same set element. Discussion: <a class="tracker feature" href="https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/12210">Feature #12210</a>
-* <a class="ruby-doc" href="https://ruby-doc.org/stdlib-2.4.0/libdoc/csv/rdoc/CSV.html#method-c-new"><code>CSV::new</code></a>: Add a `liberal_parsing` option, allowing to (try to) parse not-completely-valid CSV. Discussion: <a class="tracker feature" href="https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/11839">Feature #11839</a>
+* <a class="ruby-doc" href="https://ruby-doc.org/stdlib-2.4.0/libdoc/csv/rdoc/CSV.html#method-c-new"><code>CSV.new</code></a>: Add a `liberal_parsing` option, allowing to (try to) parse not-completely-valid CSV. Discussion: <a class="tracker feature" href="https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/11839">Feature #11839</a>
 * `Binding#irb` start a REPL session like `binding.pry`.Follow-up: since [Ruby 2.5](https://rubyreferences.github.io/rubychanges/2.5.html#ruby-development-and-introspection), `require 'irb'` is not necessary for the feature to work, it is done automatically.
-* <a class="ruby-doc" href="https://ruby-doc.org/stdlib-2.4.0/libdoc/logger/rdoc/Logger.html#method-c-new"><code>Logger::new</code></a> adds keyword arguments `level:`, `progname:`, `datetime_format:`, `formatter:`, `shift_period_suffix:`. The latter allows specifying suffix for filenames on log rotation. Discussions: <a class="tracker feature" href="https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/12224">Feature #12224</a> (keyword args), <a class="tracker feature" href="https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/10772">Feature #10772</a> (`shift_period_suffix`).
+* <a class="ruby-doc" href="https://ruby-doc.org/stdlib-2.4.0/libdoc/logger/rdoc/Logger.html#method-c-new"><code>Logger.new</code></a> adds keyword arguments `level:`, `progname:`, `datetime_format:`, `formatter:`, `shift_period_suffix:`. The latter allows specifying suffix for filenames on log rotation. Discussions: <a class="tracker feature" href="https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/12224">Feature #12224</a> (keyword args), <a class="tracker feature" href="https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/10772">Feature #10772</a> (`shift_period_suffix`).
 * <a class="ruby-doc" href="https://ruby-doc.org/stdlib-2.4.0/libdoc/net/http/rdoc/Net/HTTP.html#method-c-post"><code>Net::HTTP.post</code></a> shortcut method. Discussion: <a class="tracker feature" href="https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/12375">Feature #12375</a>
 * `Net::FTP`:
   * Support TLS.

2.6.md

@@ -433,7 +433,7 @@ Several enumerators can now be chained into one with `Enumerator#+(other)` or `E
 
 * **Reason:** Since Ruby 2.5, these exception classes were "introspectable": when you catch them, you can fetch the object that caused the problem and (in case of `KeyError`) problematic key; but there were no way to add that helpful data when raising an exception in your own code.
 * **Discussion:** <a class="tracker feature" href="https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/14313">Feature #14313</a>
-* **Documentation:** <a class="ruby-doc" href="https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.6/NameError.html#method-c-new"><code>NameError::new</code></a>, <a class="ruby-doc" href="https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.6/NoMethodError.html#method-c-new"><code>NoMethodError::new</code></a> _(docs not updated)_, <a class="ruby-doc" href="https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.6/KeyError.html#method-c-new"><code>KeyError::new</code></a>
+* **Documentation:** <a class="ruby-doc" href="https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.6/NameError.html#method-c-new"><code>NameError.new</code></a>, <a class="ruby-doc" href="https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.6/NoMethodError.html#method-c-new"><code>NoMethodError.new</code></a> _(docs not updated)_, <a class="ruby-doc" href="https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.6/KeyError.html#method-c-new"><code>KeyError.new</code></a>
 * **Code:**
   ```ruby
   class MyFancyCollection

3.1.md

@@ -736,7 +736,7 @@ The method allows to check whether the `Struct`-produced class is initialized by
 
 * **Reason:** Helpful for meta-programming and generic processing of data, like serializing/deserializing.
 * **Discussion:** <a class="tracker feature" href="https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18008">Feature #18008</a>
-* **Documentation:** <a class="ruby-doc" href="https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/3.1/Struct.html#method-c-keyword_init-3F"><code>Strict::keyword_init?</code></a>
+* **Documentation:** <a class="ruby-doc" href="https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/3.1/Struct.html#method-c-keyword_init-3F"><code>Strict.keyword_init?</code></a>
 * **Code:**
   ```ruby
   Struct.new(:name, :age).keyword_init?                       #=> nil

_src/2.4.md

@@ -347,7 +347,7 @@ When string is created for usage as a mutable buffer for some large textual data
 
 * **Reason:** Ruby's mutable strings, when used for sequential building of some large text, cause constant reallocations of bigger and bigger memory buffer. By specifying expected capacity beforehand, one can avoid this reallocations.
 * **Discussion:** [Feature #12024](https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/12024)
-* **Documentation:** [String::new](https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.4.0/String.html#method-c-new)
+* **Documentation:** [String.new](https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.4.0/String.html#method-c-new)
 * **Code:**
   ```ruby
   s = String.new(capacity: 10_000_000)
@@ -628,7 +628,7 @@ In all contexts where input is split into lines, or received line-by-line, new o
 * **Discussion:** [Feature #12553](https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/12553)
 * **Documentation** (feature introduced in 2.4, but comprehensive docs were written in 2.5-2.6):
   * [String#each_line](https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.5.0/String.html#method-i-each_line), [String#lines](https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.6/String.html#method-i-lines),
-  * [IO#gets](https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.5.0/IO.html#method-i-gets), [IO#readline](https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.5.0/IO.html#method-i-readline), [IO#readlines](https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.5.0/IO.html#method-i-readline), [IO::foreach](https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.5.0/IO.html#method-c-foreach), [IO::readlines](https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.5.0/IO.html#method-c-readlines),
+  * [IO#gets](https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.5.0/IO.html#method-i-gets), [IO#readline](https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.5.0/IO.html#method-i-readline), [IO#readlines](https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.5.0/IO.html#method-i-readline), [IO.foreach](https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.5.0/IO.html#method-c-foreach), [IO.readlines](https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.5.0/IO.html#method-c-readlines),
   * _Standard library: methods of the class affected, but no documentation for the change:_ [StringIO#gets](https://ruby-doc.org/stdlib-2.4.0/libdoc/stringio/rdoc/StringIO.html#method-i-gets), [StringIO#each_line](https://ruby-doc.org/stdlib-2.4.0/libdoc/stringio/rdoc/StringIO.html#method-i-each_line), [StringIO#readlines](https://ruby-doc.org/stdlib-2.4.0/libdoc/stringio/rdoc/StringIO.html#method-i-readlines)
 * **Code:**
   ```ruby
@@ -727,9 +727,9 @@ Returns an actual name of the method being called, even if aliased.
 ## Stdlib
 
 * `Set`: [#compare_by_identity](https://ruby-doc.org/stdlib-2.4.0/libdoc/set/rdoc/Set.html#method-i-compare_by_identity) and [#compare_by_identity?](https://ruby-doc.org/stdlib-2.4.0/libdoc/set/rdoc/Set.html#method-i-compare_by_identity-3F) methods added, behaving the same way as (existing since 1.9) [Hash#compare_by_identity](https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.4.0/Hash.html#method-i-compare_by_identity): only elements being the same object (same `#object_id`) are considered same set element. Discussion: [Feature #12210](https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/12210)
-* [CSV::new](https://ruby-doc.org/stdlib-2.4.0/libdoc/csv/rdoc/CSV.html#method-c-new): Add a `liberal_parsing` option, allowing to (try to) parse not-completely-valid CSV. Discussion: [Feature #11839](https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/11839)
+* [CSV.new](https://ruby-doc.org/stdlib-2.4.0/libdoc/csv/rdoc/CSV.html#method-c-new): Add a `liberal_parsing` option, allowing to (try to) parse not-completely-valid CSV. Discussion: [Feature #11839](https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/11839)
 * `Binding#irb` start a REPL session like `binding.pry`.Follow-up: since [Ruby 2.5](https://rubyreferences.github.io/rubychanges/2.5.html#ruby-development-and-introspection), `require 'irb'` is not necessary for the feature to work, it is done automatically.
-* [Logger::new](https://ruby-doc.org/stdlib-2.4.0/libdoc/logger/rdoc/Logger.html#method-c-new) adds keyword arguments `level:`, `progname:`, `datetime_format:`, `formatter:`, `shift_period_suffix:`. The latter allows specifying suffix for filenames on log rotation. Discussions: [Feature #12224](https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/12224) (keyword args), [Feature #10772](https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/10772) (`shift_period_suffix`).
+* [Logger.new](https://ruby-doc.org/stdlib-2.4.0/libdoc/logger/rdoc/Logger.html#method-c-new) adds keyword arguments `level:`, `progname:`, `datetime_format:`, `formatter:`, `shift_period_suffix:`. The latter allows specifying suffix for filenames on log rotation. Discussions: [Feature #12224](https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/12224) (keyword args), [Feature #10772](https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/10772) (`shift_period_suffix`).
 * [Net::HTTP.post](https://ruby-doc.org/stdlib-2.4.0/libdoc/net/http/rdoc/Net/HTTP.html#method-c-post) shortcut method. Discussion: [Feature #12375](https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/12375)
 * `Net::FTP`:
   * Support TLS.

_src/2.6.md

@@ -433,7 +433,7 @@ Several enumerators can now be chained into one with `Enumerator#+(other)` or `E
 
 * **Reason:** Since Ruby 2.5, these exception classes were "introspectable": when you catch them, you can fetch the object that caused the problem and (in case of `KeyError`) problematic key; but there were no way to add that helpful data when raising an exception in your own code.
 * **Discussion:** [Feature #14313](https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/14313)
-* **Documentation:** [NameError::new](https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.6/NameError.html#method-c-new), [NoMethodError::new](https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.6/NoMethodError.html#method-c-new) _(docs not updated)_, [KeyError::new](https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.6/KeyError.html#method-c-new)
+* **Documentation:** [NameError.new](https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.6/NameError.html#method-c-new), [NoMethodError.new](https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.6/NoMethodError.html#method-c-new) _(docs not updated)_, [KeyError.new](https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.6/KeyError.html#method-c-new)
 * **Code:**
   ```ruby
   class MyFancyCollection

_src/3.1.md

@@ -736,7 +736,7 @@ The method allows to check whether the `Struct`-produced class is initialized by
 
 * **Reason:** Helpful for meta-programming and generic processing of data, like serializing/deserializing.
 * **Discussion:** [Feature #18008](https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18008)
-* **Documentation:** [Strict::keyword_init?](https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/3.1/Struct.html#method-c-keyword_init-3F)
+* **Documentation:** [Strict.keyword_init?](https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/3.1/Struct.html#method-c-keyword_init-3F)
 * **Code:**
   ```ruby
   Struct.new(:name, :age).keyword_init?                       #=> nil

_src/evolution.md

@@ -427,7 +427,7 @@ Included in many classes to implement comparison methods. Once class defines a m
   'Straße'.upcase # => 'STRASSE'
   'İzmir'.upcase(:turkic) # => İZMİR -- locale-specific case conversion
   ```
-* [2.4](2.4.md#stringnewcapacity-size) [String::new](https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.4.0/String.html#method-c-new): `capacity:` argument to pre-allocate memory if it is known the string will grow
+* [2.4](2.4.md#stringnewcapacity-size) [String.new](https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.4.0/String.html#method-c-new): `capacity:` argument to pre-allocate memory if it is known the string will grow
 * [2.4](2.4.md#casecmp) [String#casecmp?](https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.4.0/String.html#method-i-casecmp-3F), [Symbol#casecmp?](https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.4.0/Symbol.html#method-i-casecmp-3F) as a more expressive version of `#casecmp` when boolean value is needed (`#casecmp` returns `-1`/`0`/`1`):
   ```ruby
   'FOO'.casecmp?('foo') # => true
@@ -470,7 +470,7 @@ Included in many classes to implement comparison methods. Once class defines a m
   User.new(name: 'Matz', email: 'matz@ruby-lang.org')
   ```
 * [3.1](3.1.md#warning-on-passing-keywords-to-a-non-keyword-initialized-struct) Warning on passing keywords to a non-keyword-initialized struct
-* [3.1](3.1.md#structclasskeyword_init) [Strict::keyword_init?](https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/3.1/Struct.html#method-c-keyword_init-3F)
+* [3.1](3.1.md#structclasskeyword_init) [Strict.keyword_init?](https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/3.1/Struct.html#method-c-keyword_init-3F)
 
 ## `Time`
 
@@ -782,7 +782,7 @@ This section covers exception raising/handling behavior changes, as well as chan
 * [2.6](2.6.md#else-in-exception-handling-context) `else` in exception-handling context without any `rescue` is prohibited.
 * [2.6](2.6.md#numeric-methods-have-exception-argument) [#Integer()](https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.6/Kernel.html#method-i-Integer) and other similar conversion methods now have optional argument `exception: true/false`, defining whether to raise error on input that can't be converted or just return `nil`
 * [2.6](2.6.md#system-has-exception-argument) [#system](https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.6/Kernel.html#method-i-system): optional argument `exception: true/false`
-* [2.6](2.6.md#new-arguments-receiver-and-key) New arguments: `receiver:` for [NameError::new](https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.6/NameError.html#method-c-new) and [NoMethodError::new](https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.6/NoMethodError.html#method-c-new); `key:`  for [KeyError::new](https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.6/KeyError.html#method-c-new). It allows user code to construct errors with the same level of detail the language can.
+* [2.6](2.6.md#new-arguments-receiver-and-key) New arguments: `receiver:` for [NameError.new](https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.6/NameError.html#method-c-new) and [NoMethodError.new](https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.6/NoMethodError.html#method-c-new); `key:`  for [KeyError.new](https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.6/KeyError.html#method-c-new). It allows user code to construct errors with the same level of detail the language can.
 * [2.6](2.6.md#exceptionfull_message-options) [Exception#full_message](https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.6/Exception.html#method-i-full_message): formatting options `highlight:` and `order:` added
 * [2.7](2.7.md#frozenerror-receiver-argument) [FrozenError#new](https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.7.0/FrozenError.html#method-c-new): receiver argument
 * [3.1](3.1.md#threadbacktracelimit) [Thread::Backtrace.limit](https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/3.1/Thread/Backtrace.html#method-c-limit) reader to get the maximum backtrace size set with `--backtrace-limit` command-line option